上一篇，如何在CentOS7.9下安裝Oracle11g？（一）

一、環(huán)境準(zhǔn)備

1、設(shè)置主機(jī)名（可以跳過(guò)）

# 修改主機(jī)名為db

> vim /etc/hosts

> hostnamectl set-hostname db && bash

# 查看

> hostname

# 配置本地解析

> vim /etc/hosts

# 增加/修改

> 192.168.0.88 db

2、安裝依賴

[root@db ~]# yum install libnsl libnsl2-devel libaio-devel libcap-devel xorg-x11-utils xauth gcc make libstdc++-devel sysstat smartmontools glibc-compat-2.17

# 查看libaiobaio版本

[root@db ~]# rpm -qa libaio

# libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64

3、關(guān)閉selinux

# 查看是否啟動(dòng)

[root@db ~]# setenforce 0

# 修改

[root@db ~]# vim /etc/selinux/config

二、安裝配置

1、創(chuàng)建組、用戶

添加oinstall 、dba 組，新建oracle用戶并加入oinstall、dba組中

[root@db ~]# groupadd oinstall

[root@db ~]# groupadd dba

[root@db ~]# useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle

[root@db ~]# passwd oracle

2、修改內(nèi)核參數(shù)

[root@db ~]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf

# 在文檔最后加入以下內(nèi)容：

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

fs.file-max = 6815744

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmax = 1073741824

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

# 讓參數(shù)生效：

[root@db ~]# /sbin/sysctl -p

3、配置Oracle用戶參數(shù)

[root@db ~]# vim /etc/security/limits.conf

# 在文檔最后加入以下內(nèi)容：

oracle soft nproc 2047

oracle hard nproc 16384

oracle soft nofile 1024

oracle hard nofile 65536

oracle soft stack 10240

4、修改/etc/pam.d/login 文件

[root@db ~]# vim /etc/pam.d/login

# 在文檔最后加入以下內(nèi)容：

session  required   /lib64/security/pam_limits.so

session  required   pam_limits.so

5、修改/etc/profile 文件

[root@db ~]# vim /etc/profile

# 在文檔最后加入以下內(nèi)容：

if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then

if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then

ulimit -p 16384

ulimit -n 65536

else

ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536

fi

fi

# 重新加載配置

[root@db ~]# source /etc/profile

6、創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)相關(guān)目錄

[root@db ~]# mkdir -p /apps/oracle/app/

[root@db ~]# mkdir -p /apps/oracle/etc/

[root@db ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /apps/oracle

[root@db ~]# chmod 775 /apps/oracle

7、安裝包上傳、解壓

# 切換oracle用戶、上傳安裝包并解壓

[root@db ~]# su - oracle

[oracle@db app]$ unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip

[oracle@db app]$ unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip

# 安裝包下載鏈接：

https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip?aru=16716375&patch_file=p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip

https://updates.oracle.com/Orion/Services/download/p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip?aru=16716375&patch_file=p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip

[oracle@db app]$ cp /apps/oracle/app/database/response/* /apps/oracle/etc/

8、添加環(huán)境變量

# 切換oracle用戶

[root@db ~]# su - oracle

# 編輯環(huán)境變量，并生效

[oracle@db app]$ vim ~/.bash_profile

# 內(nèi)容如下：

# oracle安裝目錄

export ORACLE_BASE=/apps/oracle/app

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0

# oracle實(shí)例SID名稱(chēng)

export ORACLE_SID=orcl

# 同SID

export ORACLE_TERM=orcl

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/usr/sbin:$PATH

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib

export

export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8

# 同SID

export ORACLE_UNQNAME=orcl

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

export PATH

export SQLPATH=/apps/oracle/labs

# 使得生效

[oracle@db app]$ source ~/.bash_profile

# 驗(yàn)證是否生效

[oracle@db app]$ echo $ORACLE_HOME

/apps/oracle/app/product/11.2.0

三、安裝程序

1、修改db_install.rsp

# 根據(jù)實(shí)際情況修改

[oracle@db app]$ cd /apps/oracle/etc/

[oracle@db app]$ cat /apps/oracle/etc/db_install.rsp | grep -v "#" | grep -v "^$"

oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0

oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY

ORACLE_HOSTNAME=db

UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall

INVENTORY_LOCATION=/apps/oracle/app/oraInventory

SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN

ORACLE_HOME=/apps/oracle/app/product/11.2.0

ORACLE_BASE=/apps/oracle/app

oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE

oracle.install.db.EEOptionsSelection=false

oracle.install.db.optionalComponents=oracle.rdbms.partitioning:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.oraolap:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.dm:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.dv:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.lbac:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.rat:11.2.0.4.0

oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba

oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oinstall

oracle.install.db.CLUSTER_NODES=

oracle.install.db.isRACOneInstall=

oracle.install.db.racOneServiceName=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=orcl

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=orcl

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=AL32UTF8

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption=true

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installExampleSchemas=false

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.enableSecuritySettings=true

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYS=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSTEM=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSMAN=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.DBSNMP=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.control=DB_CONTROL

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.gridcontrol.gridControlServiceURL=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.enable=false

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.osuid=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.ospwd=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storageType=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.dataLocation=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.recoveryLocation=

oracle.install.db.config.asm.diskGroup=

oracle.install.db.config.asm.ASMSNMPPassword=

MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=

MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=

SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=

DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true

PROXY_HOST=

PROXY_PORT=

PROXY_USER=

PROXY_PWD=

PROXY_REALM=

COLLECTOR_SUPPORTHUB_URL=

oracle.installer.autoupdates.option=

oracle.installer.autoupdates.downloadUpdatesLoc=

AUTOUPDATES_MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=

AUTOUPDATES_MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=

2、安裝數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)

2.1、oracle用戶執(zhí)行命令

[oracle@db bin]$ cd /apps/oracle/app/database/

[oracle@db bin]$ ./runInstaller -silent -force -responseFile /apps/oracle/etc/db_install.rsp -ignorePrereq

2.2、切換root用戶執(zhí)行（有時(shí)候可能只有一個(gè)root.sh）

[root@db ~]# /apps/oracle/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

[root@db ~]# /apps/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/root.sh

3、監(jiān)聽(tīng)安裝

[oracle@db database]$ cd /apps/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/bin

[oracle@db bin]$ ./netca  /silent /responsefile /apps/oracle/etc/netca.rsp

4、監(jiān)聽(tīng)狀態(tài)查看

[oracle@db bin]$ lsnrctl status

5、靜默建庫(kù)

5.1、修改dbca.rsp

[oracle@db ~]$ cd /apps/oracle/etc/

# 根據(jù)實(shí)際情況修改

[oracle@db ~]$ cat /apps/oracle/etc/dbca.rsp | grep -v '#' | grep -v '^$'

[GENERAL]

RESPONSEFILE_VERSION = "11.2.0"

OPERATION_TYPE = "createDatabase"

[CREATEDATABASE]

GDBNAME = "orcl"

SID = "orcl"

SYSPASSWORD = "sysdba"

SYSTEMPASSWORD = "sysdba"

SYSMANPASSWORD = "sysdba"

DBSNMPPASSWORD = "sysdba"

CHARACTERSET = "ZHS16GBK"

TEMPLATENAME = "General_Purpose.dbc"

[createTemplateFromDB]

SOURCEDB = "myhost:1521:orcl"

SYSDBAUSERNAME = "system"

TEMPLATENAME = "My Copy TEMPLATE"

[createCloneTemplate]

SOURCEDB = "orcl"

TEMPLATENAME = "My Clone TEMPLATE"

[DELETEDATABASE]

SOURCEDB = "orcl"

[generateScripts]

TEMPLATENAME = "New Database"

GDBNAME = "orcl11.us.oracle.com"

[CONFIGUREDATABASE]

[ADDINSTANCE]

DB_UNIQUE_NAME = "orcl"

NODELIST=

SYSDBAUSERNAME = "sys"

[DELETEINSTANCE]

DB_UNIQUE_NAME = "orcl"

INSTANCENAME = "orcl"

SYSDBAUSERNAME = "sys"

5.2、執(zhí)行建庫(kù)命令：

[oracle@db bin]$ cd /apps/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/bin

[oracle@db bin]$ ./dbca -silent -responseFile /apps/oracle/etc/dbca.rsp

順利通過(guò)，安裝成功

6、登錄查看

[oracle@db bin]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

# 創(chuàng)建用戶

CREATE USER test IDENTIFIED BY pass20240725;

# 授予權(quán)限

grant connect,resource to test;

四、系統(tǒng)服務(wù)注冊(cè)

1、dbstart文件修改

[oracle@db ~]$ echo $ORACLE_HOME

/apps/oracle/app/product/11.2.0

[oracle@db ~]$ cd /apps/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/bin/

[oracle@db ~]$ vi dbstart

# 將ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$1修改為ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=/apps/oracle/app/product/11.2.0

2、dbshut文件修改

[oracle@db ~]$ cd /apps/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/bin/

[oracle@db ~]$ vi dbshut

# 將ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$1修改為ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=/apps/oracle/app/product/11.2.0

3、oratab文件修改

[oracle@db ~]$ vi /etc/oratab

# orcl:/apps/oracle/app/product/11.2.0:N  修改為

# orcl:/apps/oracle/app/product/11.2.0:Y

4、系統(tǒng)服務(wù)文件編寫(xiě)

[root@db ~]# cd /etc/systemd/system/

[root@db ~]# vi oracle.service

# 內(nèi)容如下

[Unit]

Description=Oracle Database 11g Startup/Shutdown Service

After=syslog.target network.target

[Service]

LimitMEMLOCK=infinity

LimitNOFILE=65535

Type=oneshot

RemainAfterExit=yes

User=oracle

Environment="ORACLE_HOME=/apps/oracle/app/product/11.2.0"

ExecStart=/apps/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/bin/dbstart $ORACLE_HOME >> 2>&1 &

ExecStop=/apps/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/bin/dbshut $ORACLE_HOME 2>&1 &

[Install]

WantedBy=multi-user.target

# 開(kāi)機(jī)自啟動(dòng)oracle服務(wù)

[root@db ~]# systemctl enable oracle

# 查看oracle服務(wù)狀態(tài)

[root@db ~]# systemctl status oracle

# 手動(dòng)啟動(dòng)oracle服務(wù)

[root@db ~]# systemctl start oracle

# 手動(dòng)停止oracle服務(wù)

[root@db ~]# systemctl stop oracle

# 禁止oracle服務(wù)開(kāi)機(jī)自啟動(dòng)

[root@db ~]# systemctl disable oracle